Mechanical ventilation is an essential therapy for patients in critical stages and sever difficulties for breathing. Nevertheless, the patients under this treatment present a high risk to develop associated complications, such as pneumonia and tracheobronchitis.The ventilation-associated events (VAE) are not easy to diagnose. As an example, pneumonia associated to ventilation is hard to detect nowadays due to the different definitions it can have and the lack of specificity and sensibility of some of the diagnostic tests. That is the reason why the Center for Disease Control of United States (CDC) proposed in 2013 a new algorithm -that improved the one published in 2008- with more objective criteria and quantifiable factors to identify and follow up the conditions and complications that happen in a mechanical ventilation. In 2015, this proposal was reviewed and partially modified.The published work, coordinated by Dr. Jordi Relló, head of the group on http://en.vhir.org/portal1/grup-equip.asp?t=recerca-clinicainnovacio-en-la-pneumonia-i-sepsia-crips)&s=recerca&contentid=186969 Clinical Research / Innovation in Pneumonia & Sepsis (CRIPS) at VHIR and researcher at http://www.ciberes.org/en CIBERES at Vall d'Hebron, compared the existing algorithms to point out possible differences in order to detect and predict the several events associated to the ventilation.The first studies, part of the thesis of Sergio Ramírez and published at the http://icmjournal.esicm.org/journals/abstract.html?v=0&j=134&i=-1&a=5269_10.1007_s00134-018-5269-7&doi= Intensive Care Medicine journal, were developed in 13 Units of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) from 8 countries and monitored for 30 days the evolution of 244 adult patients. It is needed to highlight that not only the pneumonia associated to the ventilation was studied, but also the tracheobronchitis, not so tackled in previous studies. The study demonstrated that the more frequent complications were the respiratory infections, mainly tracheobronchitis, but it is also frequent not to be diagnosed properly through the algorithms. By this means, it is needed to improve the definitions on the events associated to the ventilation and to carry on more studies to try out the algorithms to the adult population.The second study, part of the thesis of Yolanda Peña and published at the https://www.clinicalmicrobiologyandinfection.com/article/S1198-743X(17)30541-4/fulltex Clinical Microbiology and Infection portal, focused on the pediatric population. It followed up 99 children at the ICUs during 30 months. The study compared the recommendations in 2008, 2013 and a new algorithm specifically developed for children. The study demonstrated that the new algorithm predicts the best certain complications, being more useful for the decision-making processes for therapies."Both studies concur in the importance of monitoring the ventilatory changes and to add the hypoxemia -decrease of partial pressure of oxygen at the stratification, diagnosis and decision-making for therapies in respiratory infections in patients with mechanical ventilation", ensures Dr. Relló. "By this means it validates the CDC guidelines in Europe for child and adult population". These studies are included on the research hosted by the Work Package 5 of the Scientific Program in Pneumonia of CIBERES.